Data & sources

Every count above is a query in the repository you can rerun; the warehouse is append-only and keyed by ΑΔΑ, so counts only rise. A PDF the register cannot serve is counted as pulled, not read.

• Water-abstraction acts of the 13 regional Directorates of Waters

  Diavgeia OpenData API (diavgeia.gov.gr) · 2011–2026

  backs: every permit, refusal and approval count; /patterns, /allocation, the dashboardpulled 2026-10-14
  108,934 (+962 pre-2015 held back, no directorate)

  acts

  1,272

  refused or revoked

  108,654 (99.7%; the 2011–14 acts await the text pass)

  with text parsed

  Method · Full pull by directorate unit (unitUid) and half-year issue-date windows, 500 per page; unioned by ΑΔΑ onto the earlier browser-structured pull. Row-level, append-only.

  Limits · A floor of what Diavgeia holds. 2011–14 added on 2026-10-14 by the same unit pull plus an organisation-level subject sweep (15,630 licence acts; 1,062 of those name no municipality the warehouse can map to a directorate and are held in data/acts_unassigned/ until their PDF is read). Thessaly shows no 2026 acts (unit reorganisation). 99 act PDFs unreachable (old static store answers 503; retried 2026-10-13, 0 recovered) — metadata kept, volume null.

  https://diavgeia.gov.gr/api/helpreproduce: scripts/db/README.md · data/acts/*.ndjson.gz

• ΕΜΣΥ — National Registry of Abstraction Points (every registered well, borehole, spring and intake)

  ΥΠΕΝ / Ε.Γ.Υ. (lmt.ypeka.gr feature service) · registrations 2006–2026 (peak 2014–15)

  backs: the 'registered wells & intakes' tile on every municipality card; coordinates for acts whose PDF carries none; the emsy_points feed tablepulled 2026-10-14
  158,081

  registered points

  117,079 · 18,630

  active · metered

  9,029 (6,479 gained coordinates)

  acts matched by protocol

  288 of 326

  municipalities with stock joined

  Method · Full pull of the ArcGIS FeatureServer behind the public viewer, 1,000 records a page by OBJECTID, 80 attributes per point, append-only by KWDIKOS_EMSY. Joined to acts by licence protocol number + year (+ municipality where both carry one) and to the municipality ledger by name stem.

  Limits · The registry is what owners declared at registration, with a 'Pending' status on 136,718 points. A protocol number is not unique within a year: on the 2,550 acts that carry their own coordinates, 69 % of matches fall within 2 km and the 90th percentile is 9.7 km, so every match is labelled by strength and never overwrites an act's own position. Declared annual quantities exceed Eurostat's national abstraction when summed and are shown as declared, not added to the licensed ledger.

  http://lmt.ypeka.gr/public_view.htmlreproduce: scripts/db/pull-emsy.py · scripts/db/join-emsy.py · data/emsy/

• Drought emergency declarations and the operational trace — civil protection, Regions, utilities

  Diavgeia OpenData API (Ministry of Climate Crisis & Civil Protection, Regions, municipalities, ΔΕΥΑ, Ministry of Maritime Affairs) · 2010–2026

  backs: the formal drought flag per place and date; the islands' tanker-water trace; a feature for the refusal modelpulled 2026-10-14
  310 (39 declarations, 15 extensions, 31 tanker contracts)

  drought-subject acts

  5,599 · 5,273 cause-tagged from the act text

  civil-protection declarations, all causes

  261 · flood/storm 3,463 · wildfire 874 · earthquake 337

  of which drought (λειψυδρία) declarations and extensions

  45,123

  ΟΑΚ (Crete reservoirs operator) acts

  Method · Two subject sweeps, half-year windows 2010–2026: (1) every act pairing λειψυδρία with an emergency, declaration or civil-protection term — classified as declaration, extension, water transport or response measure; (2) every civil-protection emergency declaration and extension of any cause (the subject names the place, the cause sits in the body), whose PDFs are read and the cause taken from the body ('συνεπειών που προέκυψαν από …').

  Limits · Subject search: a declaration whose subject names only the place is caught by sweep (2) and tagged from its PDF; a few hundred bodies name no recognisable cause and stay 'unclassified'. Municipal acts that commission 'documentation for a declaration request' (Viannos, Minoa Pediadas, 2026) are requests, not declarations, and are kept as such.

  https://diavgeia.gov.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-drought-declarations.py · scripts/db/emit-drought.py · data/stress/cp_declarations_classified.csv · dataset/drought-declarations.json

• Hydroscope — ΥΠΕΝ hydro-meteorological platform, live station layer

  ΥΠΕΝ (geoserver.hydroscope.gr) · latest reading per device, 2026-10-14

  backs: the station map and latest readings; monthly series once the aggregate layers answerpulled 2026-10-14
  2,584

  live series

  315

  devices

  Method · WFS GetFeature on geoint:measurements_latest (open, no login). The platform's own API and its daily/monthly/yearly aggregate layers answer 403 and 504 respectively from scripts and from a browser — recorded, not worked around.

  Limits · Mostly meteorological parameters; water level, surface distance and flow on ~160 series. Historical networks (main.hydroscope.gr, kyy.hydroscope.gr) were unreachable on 2026-10-14.

  https://hydroscope.gr/reproduce: data/stress/hydroscope_latest.geojson

• National Water Monitoring Network — station results (ΥΠΕΝ / Ε.Γ.Υ.)

  nmwn.ypeka.gr · 2013–2020 programme years as published per station

  backs: per-body monitoring results: parameters by year and month per station, groundwater and surfacepulled 2026-10-14
  4,581

  stations

  1,234,462 · 30,720 at 2,840 stations, 724 groundwater bodies

  result rows · level readings

  Method · Station lists scraped by district and body (paged), every station's results XLS downloaded and flattened to one long table (station, body, year, parameter, unit, month, value).

  Limits · Published as monthly values per parameter-year; the level parameter (ΣΤΑΘΜΗ) is reported by 2,840 stations, as depth or elevation in the station's own convention, so only change over time within a body is compared. The programme results stop at 2020 on the public site.

  http://nmwn.ypeka.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-nmwn.py · scripts/db/emit-nmwn-levels.py · data/nmwn/ · dataset/nmwn-levels.json

• data.gov.gr — every water-related dataset (CKAN)

  data.gov.gr (Decentralised Administrations, Regions, municipalities, ΔΕΥΑ, ΥΠΕΝ) · as published

  backs: the per-administration licence and abstraction tables, regional ΕΜΣΥ exports, ΔΕΥΑ tariffs and outages, municipal water GIS layerspulled 2026-10-14
  261

  packages

  2,484

  resources downloaded

  10,816 acts (Attica, Crete, Epirus–W. Macedonia) · 10,317 gain coordinates · 8,888 gain a municipal unit

  the administrations' own licence tables, joined by ΑΔΑ

  Method · CKAN package_search on 18 water terms; full package metadata kept; every downloadable resource fetched once (service endpoints recorded, not fetched); re-runs download only when metadata_modified moved.

  Limits · A sweep by search term; a dataset titled without any of the 18 terms is missed. Files are kept as published (XLS, SHP, KML, CSV); nothing is parsed until a layer needs it.

  https://data.gov.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-datagov.py · scripts/db/join-datagov-licences.py · data/datagov/licence_tables_join.csv

• Eurostat — irrigated area by NUTS 2 and water use by sector (the demand denominators)

  Eurostat dissemination API (Greece's FSS/census and water statistics reporting) · 2005–2024

  backs: licensed m³ per irrigated hectare per directorate; the national use-by-sector framepulled 2026-10-14
  7 · 776,340

  datasets · rows

  1,074,920 ha

  irrigated area, Greece 2016

  Method · JSON-stat pull of ef_m_irri, ef_lus_main, env_wat_abs, env_wat_cat, env_wat_bal, env_wat_pop for EL and the 13 NUTS-2 regions, flattened to CSV; a small derived file maps NUTS 2 to the directorates.

  Limits · Irrigated area was last reported for 2016; the 2020 census reports irrigable area only. Greece carries water-use values forward across years in env_wat_cat (identical figures 2022–24), so a 'latest' there is a reporting artefact.

  https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ef_m_irrireproduce: scripts/db/pull-eurostat-water.py · scripts/db/emit-denominators.py · data/eurostat/ · dataset/eurostat-denominators.json

• Copernicus European Drought Observatory — Combined Drought Indicator at every registered abstraction point

  JRC / Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EDO) · 2012–2026, ten-day periods

  backs: the drought series on every municipality card that is not a utility press release; a climate feature for the refusal modelpulled 2026-10-14
  158,080 · 530

  registry points sampled · dekads

  6,532 points under alert · 23,214 under warning

  latest dekad 2026-09-11

  Method · The CDI yearly NetCDF files (5 km, 36 ten-day periods a year, 2012 → today) sampled at the coordinates of every ΕΜΣΥ registry point, then counted per Kallikratis municipality per dekad: points under watch, warning, alert, recovery. A municipality's 'drought dekad' is one where more than half its points sat under warning or alert.

  Limits · A 5 km grid cell is the drought state of the place, not of the well. CDI v4.1.0 to June 2026, v4.1.1 after (VIIRS source change); the latest dekads may be provisional files until JRC finalises them.

  https://drought.emergency.copernicus.eu/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-edo.py · data/edo/ · dataset/edo-cdi.json

• Water by ship and truck — tanker contracts, desalination and the islands' water subsidies on Diavgeia

  Diavgeia OpenData API (municipalities, ΔΕΥΑ, Regions, Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Island Policy) · 2010–2026

  backs: the islands' real deficit — € per year spent carrying water in; the ministry's monthly tanker payments per island grouppulled 2026-10-14
  7,046

  classified acts

  €252,281,993

  € stated in those acts (where the act carries an amount)

  Method · Subject sweep 2010–2026 (μεταφορά νερού / ύδατος / πόσιμου, υδροφόρ-) across all organisations plus the ministry's own water acts, classified from the subject into tanker transport, desalination, pipeline and island water subsidy; fire-service water trucks, aquifer studies and fishing licences in 'international waters' are dropped as noise. Amounts from the act's structured fields (award, expense, subsidy) where the act type carries one; contractor names and ΑΦΜ never leave the raw record.

  Limits · Amounts are what the act states (award, payment or subsidy), not a reconciled spend: a tender, its award and each monthly payment are separate acts. m³ carried sits in the PDF body, not the structured fields — a text pass, like the licences had.

  https://diavgeia.gov.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-island-water.py · data/stress/water_transport.csv

• ΡΑΑΕΥ water branch — decisions, consultations and the provider adequacy cycle

  ΡΑΑΕΥ Κλάδος Υδάτων (raaey.gr/ydata) · 2024–2026 (the branch's life so far)

  backs: the regulator's record per provider; the join to the utility corpus by organisationpulled 2026-10-14
  76 · 41

  posts · decisions

  0

  PDFs on the back end

  Method · WordPress wp-json: every post, page and media item kept whole; every PDF downloaded; posts classified as decision, consultation or announcement with the decision number parsed from the title.

  Limits · The regulator publishes decisions, not the providers' indicator tables; those sit inside the adequacy files it receives and are not yet public.

  https://www.raaey.gr/ydata/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-raaey.py · data/raaey/decisions.csv

• Hotel stock by regional unit and island — Hellenic Chamber of Hotels, every annual release

  Ξενοδοχειακό Επιμελητήριο Ελλάδος (grhotels.gr), processed by ΙΤΕΠ · 2011–2025 (2015 and 2019 have no regional release)

  backs: the hospitality mains draw the licences do not show: beds per island and regional unit, by star class, 2011–2025pulled 2026-10-14
  902,328

  hotel beds, Greece 2025

  130 · 13

  places (regional units + islands) · years

  Method · Every capacity file the Chamber's media library lists (regional PDFs 2011–2025, national totals, campings, SIMS workbooks) downloaded whole; the regional PDFs parsed into one table of units, rooms and beds by star class per regional unit and island. Islands and single-municipality island units are joined to the municipality cards by name; a regional unit spanning several municipalities is not attached.

  Limits · Hotels only: rooms-to-let, short-term rentals and campings are outside these tables, so island demand is a floor. The Chamber publishes regional units and islands, not municipalities.

  https://www.grhotels.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-hotels.py · data/hotels/capacity.csv · dataset/hotel-capacity.json

• EEA Water Exploitation Index plus — Greece and its 14 river basin districts, quarterly 2000–2023

  European Environment Agency (SDI datahub; Greece's WFD / Eurostat reporting, EEA modelling) · 2000–2023

  backs: the stress frame for the regional comparison: how much of each district's renewable water is already consumed, by quarterpulled 2026-10-14
  14 · 1,368

  districts · rows

  13.16 % (stress ≥ 20 %, severe ≥ 40 %)

  Greece, annual WEI+ 2023

  Method · Both EEA datahub shares listed through WebDAV and kept whole (national CSV/XLSX; RBD workbook, shapefile, metadata); the Greek rows flattened per district per quarter with abstraction, return, net consumption, renewable resources and outflow (hm³) beside WEI+. Annual RBD value = mean of the four quarters; Q3 kept apart as the summer figure.

  Limits · An EEA model on reported national data, not a measurement: Crete's summer WEI+ sits far below what its licence stock and tanker contracts suggest — a question for the confounders panel, not a finding. Districts are WFD basins, which do not coincide with the 13 Directorates of Waters.

  https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/f25b4715-d18b-4f87-b869-7e96fd385700reproduce: scripts/db/pull-eea-wei.py · data/eea/ · dataset/eea-wei.json

• ΑΔΜΗΕ — hydro reservoir filling rate, every day since 2012

  ΑΔΜΗΕ / IPTO operations data (ReservoirFillingRate) · 2012–2026, daily

  backs: the national surface-water stock as the system operator sees it: Kremasta, Kastraki, Polyfyto, Ilarionas, Plastiras, Ladonas, Pournari, Sfikia, Asomata, Platanovrysi, Thisavros, Aoos — one reading a daypulled 2026-10-14
  4,237 · 19

  days · reservoirs

  41 % of useful capacity

  system total 2026-10-14

  Method · The operations-data file API listed per half-year, every daily XLS downloaded whole and flattened to one row per reservoir per day (share of useful capacity) plus the system total; the site carries every Monday's reading.

  Limits · Hydropower reservoirs only (ΔΕΗ's); the supply and irrigation reservoirs — Crete's Aposelemis, Faneromeni and Bramiana, ΕΥΔΑΠ's Mornos and Evinos — are separate layers (ΟΑΚ board acts, ΕΥΔΑΠ reserves). Filling rate is a share of useful energy storage, not m³.

  https://www.admie.gr/en/market/market-statistics/detail-datareproduce: scripts/db/pull-admie-reservoirs.py · data/admie/reservoir_filling.csv · dataset/admie-reservoirs.json

• River Basin Management Plans, 2nd revision — recharge and abstraction per groundwater body

  ΥΠΕΝ / Γενική Διεύθυνση Υδάτων (wfdver.ypeka.gr) · 2nd revision (2023 consultation; approved 2024–26)

  backs: the denominator under every licence: how much each aquifer receives a year, how much the plan says is taken, by use — the exploitation index per body beside the licensed ceilingspulled 2026-10-26
  717 · 538 across 14 districts

  deliverables on the back end · groundwater bodies parsed

  105

  rows flagged (uses ≠ total or no recharge)

  Method · Every deliverable PDF of both revisions listed through the site's wp-json media library and downloaded whole (data/rbmp/index.csv); the pressures chapter of each district read with pdftotext and the table 'Ετήσια τροφοδοσία και απολήψεις από τα υπόγεια υδατικά συστήματα' parsed row by row — code, recharge, mean annual abstraction, abstraction by use, quantitative status — taking the approved 2026 chapter over the 2023 consultation draft where both exist. Each row is checked: uses must sum to the total within 10 % and recharge must be positive; failures are flagged, never corrected.

  Limits · Fourteen districts, fourteen consultants, fourteen table layouts: the parser reads the common form and flags what it cannot reconcile. The Aegean islands (EL14) and West Macedonia (EL09) are read from the 2023 consultation chapter because the approved one is not yet published in the library. Plan figures are the plan's own estimates, not measurements.

  https://wfdver.ypeka.gr/el/management-plans-gr/2revision-approved-management-plans-gr/reproduce: scripts/db/pull-rbmp.py · scripts/db/extract-rbmp-pressures.py · data/rbmp/gwb_pressures.csv · dataset/rbmp-gwb-pressures.json

• Sector, licensed volume and application date — parsed from each act's PDF

  Derived · Greek Water Reports · 2011–2026

  backs: who the water is for, m³/yr ceilings, turnaround; /allocation and the sector charts on /patternspulled 2026-10-13
  58,787

  use licences with a ceiling

  3307 M

  m³/yr licensed, consumptive

  sector 57/59 · volume 22/22 · date 22/22

  spot-check

  Method · pdftotext on every act, regex extraction (volume with unit and basis, latest application date, irrigated area, ΕΓΣΑ87 coordinates), sector rules with precedence from subject → body use line → stated use.

  Limits · Application date found on 63% of acts; 9,868 pump rates flagged, not counted; 46,168 usable coordinates after letterhead values are dropped.

  /allocationreproduce: scripts/db/ALLOCATION.md · scripts/db/allocation/

• Municipality ledger — acts, licences, refusals and turnaround per municipality, joined to WWTP and utility

  Derived · Greek Water Reports · 2011–2026

  backs: the ledger card and the municipality pickers on /screen, /report, /farm, /datacenter and /operatorpulled 2026-11-12
  368

  municipalities

  97,670 of 98,996 with a municipality

  acts covered

  WWTP 168/183 · ΔΕΥΑ 92/140

  joined

  Method · Acts grouped on a normalised municipality name stem per directorate; ΥΠΕΝ WWTP plants joined by municipality name (exact name, then basin-district hint); ΔΕΥΑ organisations joined by the same stem. No match → no join.

  Limits · Municipalities with fewer than 5 acts are not emitted; 9,938 acts name no municipality. Name-stem grouping can split a municipality across spelling variants; counts are floors.

  /screenreproduce: scripts/db/build.mjs (municipality block) · generated/municipalities.json

• Every act of the water organisations — ΔΕΥΑ, ΕΥΔΑΠ, ΕΥΑΘ, ΤΟΕΒ

  Diavgeia OpenData API · 2015-01–2026-10

  backs: the utility panel on the dashboard: drought response, tanker and purchased water, new supply, tariffspulled 2026-10-13
  1,999,946

  acts

  190,355

  with a water-supply topic

  149

  organisations

  Method · Full pull per organisation, tagged by water-supply topic from the act subject (first matching rule wins). Only aggregates are published.

  Limits · Topics are read from subjects; an act citing λειψυδρία in a contract title counts as drought response. Counts of acts, not of restrictions imposed.

  https://diavgeia.gov.gr/api/helpreproduce: scripts/db/emit-utility-summary.py

• National freshwater abstraction by source and sector, Greece

  Eurostat, env_wat_abs · 2022 (2023, 2024 carry the split forward)

  backs: the national frame on /allocation — 8,785 M m³/yr and the farming / mains / industry splitpulled 2026-10-13
  8,785 M m³/yr

  total abstraction

  81%

  agriculture

  2022

  reference year

  Method · Eurostat dissemination API; the latest year whose sector split is not a carried-forward copy.

  Limits · National statistics reported by Greece to Eurostat; no breakdown below the three sectors.

  https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_wat_abs/default/table?lang=enreproduce: scripts/db/fetch-eurostat.mjs

• Attica reservoir reserves — Εύηνος, Μαραθώνας, Μόρνος, Υλίκη

  ΕΥΔΑΠ Α.Ε., Αποθέματα Ταμιευτήρων · 2014-12-31–2026-10-13

  backs: the Attica reserves panel on the dashboardpulled 2026-10-13
  4,302

  days

  569 M m³

  today

  363 M (2025-11-25) · 1413 M (2019-04-19)

  low / high

  Method · The company's own daily data hub, one calendar year per call, usable (απολήψιμο) volume per reservoir.

  Limits · Company-reported; usable volume, not gross storage.

  https://www.eydap.gr/TheCompany/Water/Savings/reproduce: scripts/db/fetch-layers.mjs eydap

• Wastewater treatment plants and agglomerations — compliance and capacity

  ΥΠΕΝ, Εθνική Βάση Δεδομένων ΕΕΛ (astikalimata.ypeka.gr) · reference year 2026

  backs: the network axis of every verdict; the WWTP panel on the dashboardpulled 2026-10-13
  289

  plants

  41

  non-compliant

  482

  agglomerations

  Method · The monitoring database's query API, plants and agglomerations in full.

  Limits · Utilisation is a population-based proxy (connected population ÷ design p.e.), not hydraulic load.

  https://astikalimata.ypeka.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/fetch-layers.mjs wwtp

• Groundwater bodies — quantitative and chemical status, 2nd revision RBMPs

  ΥΠΕΝ / Ειδική Γραμματεία Υδάτων, GeoServer WFS · approved 3rd-cycle plans (2nd revision)

  backs: the resource axis of every verdict; the aquifer rings on the mapspulled 2026-10-13
  588

  bodies

  111

  poor, either status

  14

  districts

  Method · WFS GetFeature on layer gr_gwb_greece_2rev, status fields verbatim (ΚΑΛΗ → good, ΚΑΚΗ → poor).

  Limits · No assessment year per body in the layer; overall status is derived (poor if either dimension is poor).

  https://wfdgis.ypeka.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/fetch-layers.mjs wfd

• Data-centre facility registry and the Diavgeia data-centre act corpus

  Derived · Greek Water Reports (Diavgeia acts; dated press and official reports) · 2010–2026

  backs: the data-centre narrative: who is building where, at what MW, on what water; the permit trail per sitepulled 2026-10-14
  50

  facilities / projects

  21

  with a Diavgeia permit trail

  9,657 (136 facility permits)

  acts in the corpus

  29 · 171 · 4

  geolocated on the map · sources cited · state a water figure

  5 files at /data/ — 2026-11-12

  published in full, no gate

  1,035 corporate acts ↔ 2,086 ΑΕΠΟ decisions (8,727 pairs; ΑΦΜ or name, server layer)

  ΗΠΜ: water-permit applicants that also hold environmental terms

  Method · Every Diavgeia act whose subject names a data centre (all organisations, per half-year window 2010–2026), classified by kind; permits read in full for operator, municipality, MW, water and cooling; the ΗΠΜ environmental register (full pull, data-centre ΑΕΠΟ decisions); Solomon's published site dataset (legal entity, address, MW, m², coordinates); Data Center Map listings; the PwC siting study for regional headroom and expressed interest; dated press for status and investment. Each registry cell carries its source.

  Limits · Subject search only — an act that names the facility without the words 'data centre' is missed. ΑΔΜΗΕ's connection-request queue (9 GW by Oct 2026) is published only as totals, never as a project list, so the registry undercounts the pipeline. MW and water figures are as published by the operator or the permitting authority; a facility with no figure shows none.

  https://diavgeia.gov.gr/reproduce: scripts/db/dc/ · data/dc/acts.ndjson.gz · data/dc/eprm_datacentre_decisions.ndjson · data/dc/sources/ · dataset/datacentre-registry.json · scripts/db/emit-dc-public.mjs → public/data/

• Data centres — the ministry's water report, PwC grid-capacity study, permit trail

  ΥΠΕΝ (Κουλίδης, Jun 2026) and PwC (Mar 2026), both obtained and published by Solomon; Diavgeia acts · 2024–2026

  backs: /datacenter coefficients and benchmark; the calculator and 2034 headroom map on /allocationpulled 2026-10-13
  10

  ΑΕΠΟ / permit acts in the trail

  9

  headroom regions

  8,856 m³/yr

  declared cooling water, ATH04

  Method · Documents read in full; WUE method and 2034 regional headroom transcribed; Microsoft ATH04 figures from ΚΥΑ 69748/2024 (ΑΔΑ Ψ5ΚΒ46ΝΛΣΞ-ΡΓΓ) and Spata council act ΑΔΣ 107/2025.

  Limits · Company-stated water figures; PwC regional headroom is not summable; the ΑΔΜΗΕ connection list is not public.

  https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/28651460-upen-solomon-data-centers-ellada-anagkes-se-neroreproduce: src/lib/crete/dataset/datacentre-record.json · bm4040/sources/

• Dramatic finding: water shortage in summer from large hotels in a luxury Crete destination — DEYAN cannot guarantee 236.26 m³/day peak

  TornosNews · 22 Dec 2025 · EN · Press

  backs: Agios Nikolaos (Plaka)read
  https://www.tornosnews.gr/en/tornos/green-travel/54967-dramatic-finding-water-shortage-in-summer-from-large-hotels-in-a-luxury-destination-in-crete.htmlRead 10 Jul 2026

• Crete water crisis — Plaka hotel

  Argophilia · 29 Dec 2025 · EN · Press

  backs: Agios Nikolaos (Plaka)read
  https://www.argophilia.com/news/crete-water-crisis-plaka-hotel/247051/Read 10 Jul 2026

• «Viannos is thirsty even in winter» — plans for a dam and three reservoirs

  CretaLive · 13 May 2025 · EL · Press

  backs: Viannosread
  https://www.cretalive.gr/kriti/dipsa-i-biannos-akoma-kai-heimona-shedia-gia-fragma-kai-treis-limnodexamenesRead 10 Jul 2026

• Κανονιστική πράξη — Αποφ. Δ.Σ. 145/2024: Έκτακτα μέτρα αντιμετώπισης της λειψυδρίας και κατά το έτος 2025

  Municipality of Viannos (council decision, posted on Diavgeia) · 16 Dec 2024 · EL · Official

  backs: Viannosread
  https://viannos.gov.gr/grafeio-typoy/anakoinoseis-deltia-typoy/kanonistiki-praxi-apof-ds-145-2024-ektakta-metra-antimetopisis-tis-leipsydrias-kai-kata-to-etos-2025/Read 14 Oct 2026Διαύγεια ΑΔΑ: ΡΚΧ7Ω94-ΓΡΧ

• Mesara drought — water up to €2–3 per cubic metre from private boreholes

  eKriti · 2 Oct 2025 · EL · Press

  backs: Faistos (Mesara)read
  https://www.ekriti.gr/kriti/mesara-leipsydria-mehri-kai-3-eyro-to-kybiko-to-nero-apo-idiotikes-geotriseisRead 10 Jul 2026

• Aposelemis reservoir at ~10% of reserves (2,604,953 m³)

  Foni Maleviziou · 18 Oct 2025 · EL · Reservoir data

  backs: Hersonissosread
  https://www.fonimaleviziou.gr/2025/10/18/sto-10-ta-apothemata-tou-fragmatos-aposelemi/Read 10 Jul 2026

• Aposelemis reservoir shrinks to just ~23% of normal capacity

  Argophilia · 18 Sept 2025 · EN · Reservoir data

  backs: Hersonissosread
  https://www.argophilia.com/news/aposelemis-reservoir-shrinks-to-just-23-of-normal-capacity/245185/Read 10 Jul 2026

• Water shortages in Apokoronas may force water-use restrictions

  Apokoronas News · 5 Jul 2016 · EN · Press

  backs: Apokoronasread
  https://www.apokoronasnews.gr/water-shortages-in-apokoronas-may-force-water-use-restrictions/Read 10 Jul 2026

• Measures for water consumption in the Municipality of Archanes-Asterousia

  Politica.gr · 3 May 2023 · EL · Press

  backs: Archanes-Asterousiaread
  https://www.politica.gr/kriti/metra-gia-tin-katanalosi-nerou-sto-dimo-archanon-asterousionRead 10 Jul 2026

• Gavdos SOS for water — municipality's appeal to safeguard drinking water

  News247 · 16 Aug 2024 · EL · Press

  backs: Gavdosread
  https://www.news247.gr/ellada/gavdos-ekklisi-tou-dimou-gia-na-diafilaxthei-to-posimo-nero/Read 10 Jul 2026

• Αποθέματα Ταμιευτήρων — daily usable stock per reservoir (Mornos, Evinos, Marathonas, Yliki)

  ΕΥΔΑΠ Α.Ε. · 13 Oct 2026 · EL · Official

  backs: Attica (Athens metropolitan area)read
  https://www.eydap.gr/TheCompany/Water/Savings/Read 14 Oct 2026

• Reservoir Filling Rate — daily filling rate per hydro reservoir (PLASTIRAS)

  ΑΔΜΗΕ / IPTO operations data · 14 Oct 2026 · EN · Official

  backs: Karditsa / Lake Plastiraread
  https://www.admie.gr/en/market/market-statistics/detail-dataRead 14 Oct 2026

• Water Exploitation Index plus (WEI+) at river basin level, 2000–2023 — EL08 Thessalia

  European Environment Agency · 28 Jan 2026 · EN · Official

  backs: Karditsa / Lake Plastiraread
  https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/f25b4715-d18b-4f87-b869-7e96fd385700Read 14 Oct 2026

• Tourism and Water Use: Supply, Demand and Security — an International Review (Greek Aegean ≈450 L/guest-night; global avg 222 L/tourist/day)

  Gössling et al., Tourism Management · 2012 · Academic

  backs: Demand modelread
  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236018306Read 10 Jul 2026

• Hotel water consumption at a seasonal mass-tourism destination (Mallorca): 3★≈224, 4★≈285, 5★≈594 L/guest-night

  Deyà Tortella & Tirado, J. Environmental Management 92:2568–2579 · 2011 · Academic

  backs: Demand modelread
  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51241903Read 10 Jul 2026

• Swimming-pool evaporative water loss and use in the Balearic Islands (avg 4.4 L/m²/day; July peak ~6.5)

  Hof et al., Water 10(12):1883 (MDPI, open access) · 2018 · Academic

  backs: Demand modelread
  https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/12/1883Read 10 Jul 2026

• Design Guidelines for Drinking-Water Systems, Ch. 3 Table 3-1 (maximum-day factor 1.5 for large systems, up to 2.75 for small)

  Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks · 2008 · Official

  backs: Demand modelread
  https://www.ontario.ca/document/design-guidelines-drinking-water-systems-2008Read 10 Jul 2026

• Urban Drainage (3rd ed.) — dry-weather-flow / wastewater return coefficient (fww ≈ 0.75–0.85; 0.85 typical)

  Butler & Davies, CRC Press · 2011 · Academic

  backs: Demand modelread
  https://www.routledge.com/Urban-Drainage/Butler-Davies/p/book/9780415455268Read 10 Jul 2026

• Texto Refundido de la Ley de Aguas (RDL 1/2001), Art. 25.4

  BOE · 2001 · ES · Statute

  backs: Spain — Art. 25.4 comparableread
  https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2001-14276Read 10 Jul 2026

• El agua y el desarrollo urbanístico: la suficiencia de recursos hídricos

  elderecho.com · 2019 · ES · Press

  backs: Spain — Art. 25.4 comparableread
  https://elderecho.com/el-agua-y-el-desarrollo-urbanistico-la-suficiencia-de-recursos-hidricosRead 10 Jul 2026

• Más de 90 planes de urbanismo anulados judicialmente por no justificar la disponibilidad de recursos hídricos

  J. A. Ramos Medrano, Actualidad Jurídica Ambiental n.º 67 · 3 Apr 2017 · ES · Academic

  backs: Spain — Art. 25.4 comparableread
  https://www.actualidadjuridicaambiental.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/2017_04_03_Medrano_Mas-de-90-planes-anulados-por-recursos-hidricos.pdfRead 10 Jul 2026